The Research Behind RAVE-O: Evidence-Based Literacy Instruction

Evidence-Based Literacy Instruction and Strategies

RAVE-O intervention has been rigorously tested for more than a decade in gold-standard, randomized control-treatment studies. A cross- sectional study funded by the NICHD found students receiving instruction in RAVE-O outperformed comparison groups in the areas of decoding, vocabulary, and comprehension. One of the unique results from these data showed that students made significant gains in vocabulary not only for the polysemous aspect of trained, core words, but also for untrained words both post-intervention and a year later. No existing program has such results that show generalization in this aspect of vocabulary growth..

Specifically, RAVE-O is the only program to simultaneously integrate phonology, orthography, semantics, syntax, understanding the alphabetic principle, and morphology with the same words. Of equal importance, these same words are then used in the context of stories (connected text) with their multiple meanings and uses. We call this approach POSSUM, which in Latin means "to enable". This integration leads to fluent comprehension and deep reading processes like inference, empathy and critical analysis.

Multi-componential approach that leads
to an increase
in reading fluency

Example of the POSSUM Approach which features RAVE-O research findings on evidence-based literacy instruction.

A longitudinal NICHD funded study was conducted to measure the effectiveness of RAVE-O and another multicomponential program (EMPOWER) for younger children in grades 1-3. The study found that all children in the multicomponent treatment groups made significantly more gains in reading compared to the control groups with effect sizes of .99 for multiple reading and language measures. This result is indicative of the greater gains when phonics emphases are connected to other language processes in POSSUM. It is important to underscore that the control group comprised only of phonics had twice the amount of time given to phonics and PA, as opposed to the two multicomponential programs in which phonics and PA were connected to the other language processes. Furthermore, on foundational reading skills, intervention in 1st and 2nd grade produced gains nearly twice that for children receiving intervention in 3rd grade. This demonstrated how early intervention with RAVE-O can help to close the achievement gap and how important early screeners can be for ensuring earlier intervention.

Evidence Backed

NICHD funded, RCT research found students receiving instruction in RAVE-O outperformed comparison groups in areas of decoding, vocabulary, and comprehension

Changes in Oral Reading Quotient (fluency + comprehension) Standard Scores on Gray Oral Reading Test-3

Short-Term and long term gains in vocabulary knowledge and semantic flexibility, RAVE-O combined with phonemic awareness and blending program.

Model-predicted Woodcock Reading Test-Revised Passage Comperhension ( W scores) by grade and intervension Status)

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“RAVE-O is an incredibly innovative and engaging intervention program. Through its comprehensive POSSuM approach, RAVE-O provides both effective and fun ways to build the wiring of the reading brain. RAVE-O’s emphasis on the meanings of words (and connections between words) extends vocabulary development in unique ways, enabling countless opportunities for creative expression and deep thinking from Day One of lessons. During my two decades of teaching children for whom it was difficult to learn to read, the development of specific reading/writing skills and comprehension strategies while using this imaginatively designed program left me with no doubt that RAVE-O was a joyful and lasting win-win for my students and for me as a teacher.” - Nancy Young, co-author of Ladder to Reading.”
"It's a very strong program to which I am seeing…positive results from my second grade students! I had a student, after reading the Minute Story, just once~ had a surprised look on her face, because she "could read" the story~ and then asked me right after, "Can I have this book?" This is a student who has been struggling for a while now...and is now showing motivation to want to read ~ It was such an emotional moment for the both of us!"
“RAVE-O is an incredibly innovative and engaging intervention program. Through its comprehensive POSSuM approach, RAVE-O provides both effective and fun ways to build the wiring of the reading brain. RAVE-O’s emphasis on the meanings of words (and connections between words) extends vocabulary development in unique ways, enabling countless opportunities for creative expression and deep thinking from Day One of lessons. During my two decades of teaching children for whom it was difficult to learn to read, the development of specific reading/writing skills and comprehension strategies while using this imaginatively designed program left me with no doubt that RAVE-O was a joyful and lasting win-win for my students and for me as a teacher.” - Nancy Young, co-author of Ladder to Reading.”
"It's a very strong program to which I am seeing…positive results from my second grade students! I had a student, after reading the Minute Story, just once~ had a surprised look on her face, because she "could read" the story~ and then asked me right after, "Can I have this book?" This is a student who has been struggling for a while now...and is now showing motivation to want to read ~ It was such an emotional moment for the both of us!"
“RAVE-O is an incredibly innovative and engaging intervention program. Through its comprehensive POSSuM approach, RAVE-O provides both effective and fun ways to build the wiring of the reading brain. RAVE-O’s emphasis on the meanings of words (and connections between words) extends vocabulary development in unique ways, enabling countless opportunities for creative expression and deep thinking from Day One of lessons. During my two decades of teaching children for whom it was difficult to learn to read, the development of specific reading/writing skills and comprehension strategies while using this imaginatively designed program left me with no doubt that RAVE-O was a joyful and lasting win-win for my students and for me as a teacher.” - Nancy Young, co-author of Ladder to Reading.”
"It's a very strong program to which I am seeing…positive results from my second grade students! I had a student, after reading the Minute Story, just once~ had a surprised look on her face, because she "could read" the story~ and then asked me right after, "Can I have this book?" This is a student who has been struggling for a while now...and is now showing motivation to want to read ~ It was such an emotional moment for the both of us!"
“RAVE-O is an incredibly innovative and engaging intervention program. Through its comprehensive POSSuM approach, RAVE-O provides both effective and fun ways to build the wiring of the reading brain. RAVE-O’s emphasis on the meanings of words (and connections between words) extends vocabulary development in unique ways, enabling countless opportunities for creative expression and deep thinking from Day One of lessons. During my two decades of teaching children for whom it was difficult to learn to read, the development of specific reading/writing skills and comprehension strategies while using this imaginatively designed program left me with no doubt that RAVE-O was a joyful and lasting win-win for my students and for me as a teacher.” - Nancy Young, co-author of Ladder to Reading.”
"It's a very strong program to which I am seeing…positive results from my second grade students! I had a student, after reading the Minute Story, just once~ had a surprised look on her face, because she "could read" the story~ and then asked me right after, "Can I have this book?" This is a student who has been struggling for a while now...and is now showing motivation to want to read ~ It was such an emotional moment for the both of us!"

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