Reading Science

Reading Science

Where RAN Research Began: The 1986 Longitudinal Study

The kindergarten-to-grade-2 study in Child Development that launched four decades of naming-speed research.

The kindergarten-to-grade-2 study in Child Development that launched four decades of naming-speed research.

The kindergarten-to-grade-2 study in Child Development that launched four decades of naming-speed research.

Maryanne Wolf, Heidi Bally & Robin Morris

Vintage alphabet letters

The Child Development study that started the naming-speed research program: 83 children followed from kindergarten through grade 2.

As automaticity in retrieval developed in average readers, naming-speed/reading relationships moved from strong, general predictions to highly differentiated ones.

— Wolf, Bally & Morris, 1986

See the record on PubMed.

Related in the Nest: Where the thread leads: the double-deficit · What rapid naming tells us

Ready to bring RAVE-O to your readers?

Ready to bring RAVE-O to your readers?

Ready to bring RAVE-O to your readers?

Prefer to talk to a person?
Nido Learning logo

Evidence-based reading programs grounded in 20+ years of research. Created by Dr. Maryanne Wolf.

© 2026 Nido Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Nido Learning logo

Evidence-based reading programs grounded in 20+ years of research. Created by Dr. Maryanne Wolf.

© 2026 Nido Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Nido Learning logo

Evidence-based reading programs grounded in 20+ years of research. Created by Dr. Maryanne Wolf.

© 2026 Nido Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.